Claims - Ultra SAT Prep

Verbal Quiz - Claims / Hypotheses / Arguments

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1. An environmental historian, Dr. Amanda Rogers, has been examining an extensive collection of farmer's diaries and historical weather reports from the 1800s to understand the impact of climate trends on agriculture in the Midwest. According to her findings, there is a strong correlation between multi-year weather patterns and shifts in crop production at the time. Dr. Rogers argues that these historical records can provide valuable insights for improving modern agriculture's adaptability and resilience to future climate changes. Which finding, if true, would most directly support Dr. Rogers' claim?

a) Agricultural data from the 1800s shows a wide variety of crop failures due to extreme weather conditions, such as severe droughts, floods, or hailstorms.

b) Farmers' diaries from the 1800s contained detailed records of their day-to-day farming activities and the effects of the weather on their crops.

c) During a multi-year drought pattern in the 1800s, farmers successfully adapted by making changes in crop choices and practices, which are still applicable and beneficial to modern agriculture facing similar climate challenges.

d) Modern farming technology, such as improved irrigation systems and genetically modified crops, has increased agricultural productivity compared to the 1800s.

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2. Renowned architect and city planner Susan Foster believes that incorporating more green spaces in urban settings can have holistic benefits on city dwellers' physical health and mental well-being. In her recent study, she investigates the effects of newly renovated and expanded green spaces on the overall health indicators and self-reported well-being of residents living close to those green spaces. To compare the results, she analyzes the data of residents living in similar neighborhoods that have not experienced similar green space improvements. Which finding, if true, would most directly support Susan Foster's claim?

a) Residents living near the renovated green spaces showed improvements in overall health indicators and self-reported well-being compared to residents in similar neighborhoods without improved green spaces.

b) Self-reported levels of physical activity remained relatively consistent for residents in both groups, regardless of the presence of expanded green spaces.

c) The presence of expanded green spaces correlated with some improvements in self-reported mental well-being, but health indicators remained similar between the two groups of residents.

d) Trends indicating increased real estate investment and property values in neighborhoods with more green spaces did not have a clear relationship with overall health indicators and self-reported well-being.

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3. In a research article, environmental scientist Dr. Elizabeth Stone discusses the impact of climate change on the migration patterns of bird species. According to Dr. Stone, alterations in global temperatures have led to shifts in the availability of food resources and the suitability of habitats, forcing many bird species to modify their migration patterns in search of better conditions. As part of her research, Dr. Stone analyzed data collected from multiple bird species in various regions over a 30-year period, focusing on changes in the timing and destinations of their migrations. Which finding, if true, would most directly support Dr. Stone's claim?

a) Both learning groups showed improvement in their language skills, but the rate of improvement varied with the individual's initial language proficiency.

b) The data analysis revealed that certain bird species have become more efficient at finding food resources in their local habitats, reducing their need for long-distance migrations.

c) In a few cases, bird species that were previously believed to be vulnerable to habitat loss showed resilience, adapting their behavior and reproductive success to changing conditions.

d) The analysis of the data collected over a 30-year period demonstrated a clear correlation between rising temperatures and changed bird migration patterns, with the majority of the studied species consistently arriving earlier at their breeding grounds.

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4. Climate change has caused many species to alter their behavior and adapt to changing conditions, including migratory birds. Ornithologists have noted a shift in the timing of bird migration patterns, with some species migrating earlier in the spring than previously recorded. This observation has led researchers to hypothesize that these changes in migratory behavior are a direct result of climate change and its impact on food availability. Which finding, if true, would most directly support the researchers' hypothesis?

a) It was discovered that migratory birds using traditional migratory routes are less likely to experience shifts in migration timing.

b) Studies have found that the bird species experiencing the greatest shifts in migration timing are those that feed on insect populations that have been affected by climate change.

c) Migratory bird species found in urban areas show more variation in migration timing compared to those living in more natural habitats.

d) The overall bird population has declined in recent decades, but species with adaptable migration patterns have experienced less severe declines.

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5. Many economists argue that the proliferation of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum could provide a stabilizing force for global financial markets, as cryptocurrencies are not dependent on traditional banking systems and government-issued currency controls. Which finding, if true, would most directly support this argument?

a) Countries with higher rates of cryptocurrency adoption experienced less severe economic downturns during a global financial crisis compared to countries with lower adoption rates.

b) An increase in the use of cryptocurrencies has been observed in countries with unstable political situations.

c) While cryptocurrency transactions have reduced the power of central banks in regulating the economy, it has also contributed to an increase in illegal activities.

d) Cryptocurrencies have begun to have a impact on the global economy, but the long-term implications of this shift are unclear.

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